Three phase induction motors employ a simple construction made up of a stator covered with electromagnets, and a rotor made up of conductors shorted at each end, arranged as a “squirrel cage”. They focus on the basic principle of induction where a rotating electro-magnetic field it created through the use of a three-phase current at the stators electromagnets. This in turn induces a current within the rotor’s conductors, which in turns produces rotor’s magnetic field that tries to check out stator’s magnetic field, pulling the rotor into rotation.
Benefits of AC Induction Motors are:
Induction motors are basic and rugged in construction. They are more robust and can Induction in Motor operate in virtually any environmental condition
Induction motors are cheaper in expense due to simple rotor construction, absence of brushes, commutators, and slip rings
They are maintenance free motors unlike dc motors because of the lack of brushes, commutators and slip rings
Induction motors can be operated in polluted and explosive environments as they do not have brushes which can cause sparks
AC Induction motors are Asynchronous Machines meaning that the rotor will not convert at the exact same speed because the stator’s rotating magnetic field. Some difference in the rotor and stator quickness is necessary to be able to create the induction into the rotor. The difference between the two is called the slip. Slip should be kept in a optimal range to ensure that the motor to operate efficiently. Roboteq AC Induction controllers can be configured to operate in another of three modes:
Scallar (or Volts per Hertz): an Open loop mode where a control causes a simultaneous, fixed-ratio Frequency and Voltage modify.
Controlled Slip: a Closed Loop speed where voltage and frequency are controlled to keep slip inside a narrow range while operating at a preferred speed.
Field Oriented Control (Vector Drive): a Closed Loop Swiftness and Torque control that works by optimizing the rotating field of the stator vs. this of the induced field in the rotor.
Discover this video from Learning Engineering for a visual illustration on how AC Induction Motors are constructed and function.